Which statement describes the moral model of addiction?

• A. Addiction is caused by genetics and biology
• B. Addiction is influenced by social environment
• C. Addiction is the result of personal choices and moral failing
• D. Addiction is due to spiritual deficiency

Answer: (C)

The moral model of addiction frames it as a matter of personal choice and moral failing. It suggests that people become addicted because of their own willpower or character flaws, implying they are responsible for their behavior and could stop if they truly wanted to. This is the best match because it directly states personal choice and moral judgment as the cause.

The other descriptions align with different frameworks: biology/genetics points to a disease or biological factors, social environment highlights environmental influences, and spiritual deficiency reflects a spiritual or religious framing. These do not capture the idea that addiction is primarily a matter of personal morality or willpower, which is the essence of the moral model.